Ultimo Aggiornamento: 31 Dicembre 2002

24 citations found

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002 Feb;46(2):203-6

EMLA cream prior to digital nerve block for ingrown nail surgery does not reduce pain at injection of anesthetic solution.

Serour F, Ben-Yehuda Y, Boaz M

Clalit Health Services and the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Holon, Israel. serour@wolfson.health.gov.il

[Medline record in process]

BACKGROUND: Needle penetration and local anesthetic infiltration are painful steps of digital ring block. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of EMLA cream application prior to digital ring block for surgery for ingrown big toenail. METHODS: We conducted a prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial with 81 patients (range: 12-75 years, mean +/- SD: 30.3 +/- 17.5 years), who underwent big toenail surgery. Prior to the digital block, EMLA cream (Group E) or a placebo cream (Group P) was applied. A visual analog scale (VAS) and a verbal rating score (VRS) from 1 to 10, 10 being most severe pain, were used for assessment of pain during the skin needle penetration and during the infiltration of the anesthetic product. RESULTS: Data of the VAS and of the VRS during the two steps, respectively, show no significant difference in pain rating between the two groups. In Group E, the gender of the patients had a significant effect on pain perception. Male patients reported less pain than female patients, both during the needle skin penetration and during the infiltration step (P < 0.005). In Group P, reported pain did not differ by gender in either step of the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: We found no clinical benefit in using EMLA during digital nerve block. Although the digital nerves are not deeply located in the small subcutaneous space of the digit, topical anesthesia may not reach them. Moreover, swelling due to injection of the anesthetic product in this small space may also amplify the sensation of pain.

PMID: 11942872, UI: 21940006

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002 Feb;46(2):199-202

Anatomical study applied to anesthetic block technique of the superior laryngeal nerve.

Furlan JC

Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Clinical Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

[Medline record in process]

BACKGROUND: The topography of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (ibSLN) was prospectively studied to evaluate the greater horn of the hyoid bone (ghHB) and the incisura of the thyroid cartilage (iTC) as anatomical repairs in laryngeal anesthetic block. Factors such as gender, ethnicity and side of the neck were also analyzed concerning their influence in the ibSLN position. METHODS: One hundred neck dissections were performed in 50 human cadavers bilaterally identifying the ibSLN, the ghHB and iTC. The distance between the ghHB and ibSLN in the cranio-caudal direction (dHB), and the distance between the iTC and the ipsilateral thyrohyoid membrane ostium (dTC) were measured. Furthermore, the results were statistically analyzed according to ethnicity, gender and side of the neck. RESULTS: The ibSLN was juxtaposed to the apex ghBH in 31 out of 100 dissections. The mean dHB was 2.4 mm, and mean dTC was 33.4 mm. The statistical analysis did not identify any significant difference regarding those distances between the groups in terms of ethnicity, gender and side of the neck. CONCLUSION: The ibSLN was often dissected very close to the ghHB, and this result was not influenced by any factor studied. Therefore, the ghHB can be considered a good anatomical repair to localize the ibSLN in the local block of the larynx. Furthermore, the dTC could frequently be reached by routinely used nerve block needle. However, a few anatomical variations may occur, resulting in a low failure rate of this anesthetic procedure.

PMID: 11942871, UI: 21940005

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002 Feb;46(2):176-9

Effects of intravenous anesthetics on interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers.

Takaono M, Yogosawa T, Okawa-Takatsuji M, Aotsuka S

Division of Clinical Immunology, Clinical Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo, Japan. mairin@gw4.gateway.ne.jp

[Medline record in process]

BACKGROUND: Surgical trauma has been shown to augment the plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, which are important mediators of host defense mechanisms and the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Recently, it has been shown that certain kinds of surgery provoke not only a proinflammatory response (SIRS) but also a concurrent anti-inflammatory response. The aim of this study was therefore to examine the effects of intravenous anesthetics on the synthesis of interleukin (IL)-6 (a proinflammatory cytokine) and IL-10 (an anti-inflammatory cytokine) by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 17 healthy volunteers, separated by centrifugation on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient, were washed and suspended in RPMI containing 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS). After adding RPMI-FCS containing various concentrations of intravenous anesthetics (propofol, thiopental, ketamine and midazolam), the PBMCs were incubated overnight in the presence of a submaximal concentration of LPS. The supernatants were collected and their IL-6 and IL-10 contents were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. RESULTS: Propofol inhibited both IL-6 and IL-10 production at 0.5 microg/mL, 5 microg/mL and 50 microg/mL. Conversely, thiopental induced IL-10 production at 2 microg/mL and 20 microg/mL. CONCLUSION: Propofol appears to inhibit both IL-6 and IL-10 production by LPS-stimulated PBMCs in vitro. Further study is required to clarify the mechanism of the suppressive effect of propofol.

PMID: 11942866, UI: 21940000

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002 Mar;46(3):339

Thoracic epidural analgesia increases vital capacity after cardiac surgery.

Dopfmer UR, Dopfmer S, Beck DH, Kox WJ

[Medline record in process]

PMID: 11939930, UI: 21937486

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002 Mar;46(3):316-21

Ropivacaine 2 mg/mL vs. bupivacaine 1.25 mg/mL with sufentanil using patient-controlled epidural analgesia in labour.

Hofmann-Kiefer K, Saran K, Brederode A, Bernasconi H, Zwissler B, Schwender D

Klinik fur Anaesthesiologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen, Klinikum Innenstadt, Munich, Germany.

[Medline record in process]

BACKGROUND: In recent studies, minimum local analgesic concentrations have been defined as 0.93 mg/mL for bupivacaine and 1.56 mg/mL for ropivacaine for epidural analgesia for the first stage of labour, resulting in an analgesic potency ratio of 1 : 0.6. In the current study we compared ropivacaine and bupivacaine in a PCEA system (combined with sufentanil) taking this potency ratio into account but administering drug doses providing sufficient analgesia for all stages of labour. METHODS: In a prospective, double-blinded study 114 parturients were randomised to receive either ropivacaine 2 mg/mL with sufentanil 0.75 microg/mL or bupivacaine 1.25 mg/with sufentanil 0.75 microg/mL. After epidural catheter placement, PCEA was available with boluses of 4 mL, a lock-out time of 20 min and no basal infusion rate. We evaluated pain intensity during contractions, sensory and motor function, duration of labour, mode of delivery and neonatal outcome. Consumption of local anaesthetic and opioid drugs and PCEA system variables were recorded. RESULTS: Mean total consumption as well as mean hourly drug consumption was significantly increased in the ropivacaine-sufentanil group. No differences in analgesic quality, sensory or motor blocking potencies or neonatal outcome variables between groups were detected. Frequency of instrumental deliveries was significantly increased in the ropivacaine-sufentanil group. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the findings of previously published studies postulating ropivacaine to be 40-50% less potent for labour epidural analgesia compared to bupivacaine. However, we observed an increased frequency of instrumental deliveries with ropivacaine. To evaluate the clinical relevance of these findings, further investigations are warranted.

PMID: 11939924, UI: 21937480

Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2002 Mar;46(3):309-15

Remifentanil sedation compared with propofol during regional anaesthesia.

Servin FS, Raeder JC, Merle JC, Wattwil M, Hanson AL, Lauwers MH, Aitkenhead A, Marty J, Reite K, Martisson S, Wostyn L

Service d' Anesthesie-Reanimation Chirurgicale, Hopital Bichat, Paris, France. frederique.servin@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr

[Medline record in process]

BACKGROUND: The short onset and offset of remifentanil may allow for accurate dosing of sedative effect with few side-effects and rapid recovery. In this study remifentanil is compared with propofol for sedation during successful regional anaesthetic blocks. METHODS: After informed consent was given, 125 patients undergoing surgery under spinal or brachial plexus anaesthesia were randomized to receive, either propofol: bolus 500 microg/kg plus initial infusion 50 microgkg/min or remifentanil: bolus 0.5 microg/kg plus initial infusion 0.1 microgkg/min. Study drug infusion rate was titrated throughout the procedure according to level of sedation and side-effects. Pain, discomfort, sedation level and side-effects were recorded at regular intervals until discharge from the post operative care unit (PACU). RESULTS: Two patients in the remifentanil group versus ten in the propofol group were treated for discomfort or pain during surgery (P<0.02). Due to a significantly higher rate of respiratory depression (46% vs. 19% with propofol, P<0.01) the mean remifentanil infusion rate was decreased to 0.078 +/- 0.028 microgkg/min, whereas it was kept stable with propofol. Propofol patients had significantly higher (P<0.05) sedation levels and experienced more frequent amnesia of the procedure. Eleven propofol patients experienced pain at injection site, versus two remifentanil patients (P<0.02). Nausea and vomiting were more frequent in the remifentanil patients during infusion (27% vs. 2% in the propofol group, P<0.001) but similar postoperatively. Time to discharge from PACU was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: Propofol results in less respiratory depression and nausea when sedation is needed during a case with a successful regional block. Remifentanil may be considered as an alternative if pain during the procedure is a major concern or if amnesia is contraindicated.

PMID: 11939923, UI: 21937479

Anaesth Intensive Care 2002 Feb;30(1):96-8

Combined spinal epidural anaesthesia for vesico-vaginal fistula repair in an achondroplastic dwarf.

Trikha A, Goyal K, Sadera GS, Singh M

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

[Medline record in process]

A 33-year-old achondroplastic female was scheduled to undergo vesico-vaginal fistula repair by the abdominoperineal route. Preoperative examination suggested a difficult airway so a combined spinal epidural technique was used. Subarachnoid block (sensory loss to T6) was established using 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 1 ml. Anaesthesia was prolonged with incremental doses of epidural bupivacaine 0.5% (total 10 ml) and postoperative analgesia was provided with epidural morphine boluses.

PMID: 11939452, UI: 21936509

Anaesth Intensive Care 2002 Feb;30(1):86-9

Cardiovascular collapse caused by carbon dioxide insufflation during one-lung anaesthesia for thoracoscopic dorsal sympathectomy.

Harris RJ, Benveniste G, Pfitzner J

The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, North Western Adelaide Health Service, Woodville, SA, Australia.

[Medline record in process]

Carbon dioxide insufflation into the pleural space during one-lung anaesthesia for thoracoscopic surgery is used in some centres to improve surgical access, even though this practice has been associated with well-described cardiovascular compromise. The present report is of a 35-year-old woman undergoing thoracoscopic left dorsal sympathectomy for hyperhidrosis. During one-lung anaesthesia the insufflation of carbon dioxide into the non-ventilated hemithorax for approximately 60 seconds, using a pressure-limited gas inflow, was accompanied by profound bradycardia and hypotension that resolved promptly with the release of the gas. Possible mechanisms for the cardiovascular collapse are discussed, and the role of carbon dioxide insufflation as a means of expediting lung collapse for procedures performed using single-lung ventilation is questioned.

PMID: 11939449, UI: 21936506

Anaesth Intensive Care 2002 Feb;30(1):66-70

Anaesthesia for endoluminal repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Davies MJ, Arhanghelschi I, Grauer R, Heard G, Scott DA

Department of Anaesthesia, St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria.

[Medline record in process]

An audit of 100 patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic surgery either by open aortic repair (OAR group 50 patients) or endovascular aortic repair (EAR group 50 patients) was undertaken to document changes in anaesthetic technique and perioperative outcome. The data for the OAR group was collected retrospectively and thatfor the EAR group prospectively. Combined general anaesthesia and thoracic epidural anaesthesia was used in 44 of the OAR group whereas lumbar central neural blockade alone was used in 47 of the EAR group. The major differences between the two groups were that intraoperative blood loss was significantly less in the EAR group (OAR 1,674 +/- 1,008 ml, EAR 459 +/- 350 ml, P<0.001) and that no patient in the EAR group required admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), whereas ICU time for the OAR patients was 29 +/- 22 hours. Hospital stay was also significantly different between the two groups (OAR 13 +/- 6 days, EAR 5 +/- 3 days, P<0.001). Major complications occurred in 20patients in the OAR group but only 4patients in the EAR group (P<0.001). EAR reduces blood loss, the requirement for ICU admission, and hospital stay. Central neural blockade is a satisfactory anaesthetic technique for EAR.

PMID: 11939444, UI: 21936501

Anaesth Intensive Care 2002 Feb;30(1):36-40

Bispectral index in assessment of adequacy of general anaesthesia for lower segment caesarean section.

Yeo SN, Lo WK

Department of Anaesthesiology, Kandang Kerbau Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

[Medline record in process]

Awareness among parturients during general anaesthesia for caesarean section, though now uncommon, remains a concern for obstetric anaesthetists. We examined the adequacy of our general anaesthetic technique for avoiding explicit awareness by determining the depth of anaesthesia using Bispectral Index (BIS) monitoring. Twenty ASA1 parturients having general anaesthesia for lower segment caesarean section were studied. The drugs and doses used for each anaesthetic were similar Intraoperative Bispectral Index, haemodynamic parameters, end-tidal isoflurane concentration and inspired nitrous oxide fraction were measured and the postoperative incidence of explicit awareness was assessed. All anaesthetists were blinded to the Bispectral Index value throughout the operation. The depth of anaesthesia at various stages of the operation was evaluated by recording the Bispectral Index. Patients were interviewed for any intraoperative recall or awareness at the end of operation. A median BIS of 70 or below was recorded on most occasions during surgery. The range was 52 to 70, with values reaching 60 and below at intubation, uterine incision and delivery. Haemodynamic stability was satisfactory and there was no case of uterine atony, fetal compromise or postpartum haemorrhage. No patient experienced intraoperative dreams, recall or awareness. Our current general anaesthetic technique appeared inadequate to reliably produce BIS values of less than 60 that are associated with a low risk of awareness. However, no patients experienced explicit awareness.

PMID: 11939437, UI: 21936494

Anaesth Intensive Care 2002 Feb;30(1):29-35

Comparison of isoprenaline with adrenaline as components of epidural test dose solutions for halothane anaesthetized children.

Tyagi A, Sethi AK, Chatterji C

Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, Shahadra, India.

[Medline record in process]

In this randomized controlled trial we studied the haemodynamic effects of intravenous injection of lignocaine 1 mg/kg with either no additive, isoprenaline 0. 05 microg or 0.075 microg/kg, or adrenaline 0.5 microg/kg in children anaesthetized with halothane. An increase of > or = 10 bpm in heart rate or > or = 20% rise in blood pressure was taken as a positive test response. Adrenaline was confirmed to be an unreliable marker with a positive test in only 67% of cases. For both doses of isoprenaline, the heart rate changes produced a positive test in 100% of cases. There was no statistically significant difference between the two doses of isoprenaline in regard to mean maximum increase in heart rate, mean time of beginning, ending or duration of positive test response and mean time to reach peak heart rate. The positive test response began between 10 and 50 seconds and lastedfor an average of 69 +/- 54 seconds with the lower dose of isoprenaline 0.05 microg/kg No advantage could be seen with the higher dose of isoprenaline. Change in blood pressure was not a useful criterion to detect intravascular injection. Recommendations for the use of isoprenaline as a marker of intravascular injection during regional blockade must be deferred until the safety of this agent's effect on neurological tissue is confirmed.

PMID: 11939435, UI: 21936493

Anaesth Intensive Care 2002 Feb;30(1):101

Management of difficult spinal anaesthesia in a patient with adult lumbar scoliosis.

Leung CC, Yu KS, Chau LF, Sze TS

[Medline record in process]

Publication Types:

• Letter

PMID: 11939429, UI: 21936512

Anaesthesia 2002 Apr;57(4):418

National Anaesthesia Day.

Mok M

[Medline record in process]

Publication Types:

• Letter

PMID: 11949660, UI: 21946134

Anaesthesia 2002 Apr;57(4):417

Eldor needle for combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia.

Eldor J

[Medline record in process]

Publication Types:

• Letter

PMID: 11949657, UI: 21946131

Anaesthesia 2002 Apr;57(4):416-7

Neurophysiological investigation of neurological complication after regional anaesthesia.

Pereon Y, Nguyen The Tich S, Mussini JM, Charles F, Malinovsky JM

[Medline record in process]

Publication Types:

• Letter

PMID: 11949655, UI: 21946129

Anaesthesia 2002 Apr;57(4):385-6

A combined technique utilising regional anaesthesia and target-controlled sedation in a patient with myotonic dystrophy.

Aquilina A, Groves J

Department of Anaesthetics, Chesterfield and North Derbyshire Royal Hospital, Calow, Chesterfield, North Derbyshire S44 5BL.

[Medline record in process]

Myotonic dystrophy presents several problems to the anaesthetist. We describe what we believe to be the first report of target-controlled sedation combined with regional anaesthesia in a patient with myotonic dystrophy. Precise control of propofol levels and titration to patient satisfaction avoided the problem of delayed recovery which has been described with propofol anaesthesia.

PMID: 11939999, UI: 21937619

Anaesthesia 2002 Apr;57(4):369-73

Pump activated by a foot switch pedal for controlled administration of local anaesthetic drugs.

Ayoub C, Lteif A, Rizk M, Khalily Z, Aoude S

Assistant Professor, Resident, Biomedical Engineer, Senior Electrical Technician, Departments of Anaesthesia and Biomedical Engineering, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.

[Medline record in process]

We describe a newly designed syringe pump which is electrically controlled by a dual foot switch pedal. The device enables the scrubbed anaesthetist performing the regional block to aspirate, as well as to inject, the local anaesthetic without the need for any additional personnel.

PMID: 11939996, UI: 21937616

Anesth Analg 2002 Apr;94(4 Suppl):SCA1-117

Abstracts from the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists 24th annual meeting. New York, New York, USA. April 20-24, 2002.

Publication Types:

• Congresses
• Overall

PMID: 11939154, UI: 21934804

Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2002 Jan;21(1):69-70

[Anesthesia apparatus: habits are no gauge of safety.]

Fontaine B, Patrigeon RG, Martinez JY

Publication Types:

• Letter

PMID: 11878128, UI: 21867896

Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2002 Jan;21(1):4-13

[Factors associated with blood transfusion during anesthesia for scheduled hip or knee arthroplasty in France.]

Lienhart A, Pequignot F, Auroy Y, Benhamou D, Clergue F, Laxenaire MC, Jougla E

Service d'anesthesie-reanimation, centre hospitalier universitaire Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France. andre.lienhart@sat.ap-hop-paris.fr

GOAL OF THE STUDY: To determine over a whole country what are the factors associated with an intraoperative homologous blood transfusion and with the use of autologous techniques (preoperative autologous blood donation: PABD; acute normovolemic hemodilution: ANVH; intraoperative red cell salvage: IRCS). STUDY DESIGN: National enquiry using a large representative sample (3 days of anaesthesia in France). METHODS: Univariate followed by multivariate analyses of data gathered in 1996 during the survey leaded by the French society of anaesthesia and intensive care (Sfar) and corresponding to 884 scheduled hip and knee prosthesis surgical procedures. RESULTS: Factors associated with a decreased use of PABD programme were: 1--old age and high ASA physical status; 2--procedures of short duration. By contrast, an increased use of PABD was associated with anaesthetics in which a closed circuit had been used. Except for a significant association with increasing age and with absence of PABD used, no additional factor was found to be linked with ANVH. No factor among those studied was found related to the use of IRCS. Homologous blood transfusion was more frequently used in ASA > or = 3 patients, in long duration surgeries while its use was decreased in patients with PABD (odds ratio--for reduction by PABD: 4.4 [95% confidence interval: 2.2-8.8]). Homologous blood transfusion was not related to the use of ANVH or IRCS. CONCLUSION: These data obtained from a large national survey confirm previously published studies and meta-analyses and are in agreement with current recommendations. An unexpected relation between PABD and closed circuit anaesthesia has been found.

PMID: 11878122, UI: 21867884

Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2002 Jan;21(1):38-41

[Difficult intubation in patients with endotracheal prosthesis.]

Franckhauser J, Gauthier-Lafaye J, Dietemann A, Steib A, Dupeyron P

Departement d'anesthesiologie, hopital Civil, HUS, 67091 Strasbourg, France.

We report a case of two consecutive episodes of difficult intubation in a patient with an endotracheal Dumon's prosthesis inserted two years before. Despite several preanaesthetic visits and ENT examination, the absence of recollection by the patient and the lack of information in her previous medical records led to the impossibility to introduce a normal tube into her trachea during two consecutive anaesthetic procedures. This case points out the limits of preanaesthetic visits. It allows to remind special measures that must be taken in patients having tracheal prosthesis and scheduled for anaesthesia and surgery.

PMID: 11878121, UI: 21867890

Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2002 Jan;21(1):20-6

[Survey of anesthesia practice in Morocco.]

Belkrezia R, Kabbaj S, Ismaili H, Maazouzi W

Service d'anesthesie-reanimation, hopital des specialites, Rabat, Maroc.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate qualitatively and quantitatively the anaesthetic activity in Morocco to identify of the priorities and the norm to recommend. STUDY DESIGN: The investigation was realised from July 1999 to December 1999. It lasted seven days from Tuesday 8 PM to the following Tuesday 8 PM. A questionnaire was addressed to each hospital. One responsible has been chosen for each city. Data has been processed using the programming languages Microsoft Visual Basic. SETTING: All Moroccan's hospitals practicing anaesthesia: university hospitals (UH), public hospitals (PH), and private sector (PS). PATIENTS: All anaesthetic procedures realised by an anaesthetists; anaesthesia in medical office or dental surgery was excluded. RESULTS: An inventory of 2,630 anaesthesia was made. Anaesthesia distribution according to the type of hospitals was the same; PH = 35.7%, UH = 34.3% and PS = 29.96%. The preanaesthetic consultation was achieved in 47% of cases. Premedication was done in 28.5% of cases. General anaesthesia represented 3/4 of total anaesthesia. Thiopental was the drug the more frequently used. Gallamine and pethidine were still used in PH. Locoregional anaesthesia was realised in only 15% of cases. Electrocardioscopic surveillance not constant (65%), capnography almost absent in PH, pulse oximetry used in UH and PS. Ambulatory anaesthesia was used in 20% and emergency surgery in 30% of cases. CONCLUSION: Questioning about the Moroccan practice of anaesthesia is raised by this survey mostly because of drugs and monitoring use.

PMID: 11878117, UI: 21867886

Ann Fr Anesth Reanim 2002 Jan;21(1):14-9

[Monitoring expired oxygen fraction in preoxygenation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.]

Samain E, Biard M, Farah E, Holtzer S, Delefosse D, Marty J

Service d'anesthesie-reanimation, hopital Beaujon, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, UFR Xavier Bichat, universite Paris VII, 100, bd du General Leclerc, 92118 Clichy, France. emmanuel.samain@bjn.ap-hop-paris.fr

OBJECTIVES: To compare the rate of preoxygenation before induction of anesthesia in patients with no lung disease and in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). PATIENTS AND METHODS: End-tidal fractional oxygen concentration (FEO2) was monitored using a paramagnetic oxygen analyzer, during a 5 minute-period of preoxygenation (tidal breathing of 100% oxygen) in 16 control patients (control group) and in 15 patients with COPD. COPD was defined and its severity was characterized by clinical criteria and by respiratory functional tests. FEO2 increase was compared between groups using Anova. RESULTS: The increase in FEO2 was slower in the COPD group than in control group (p < 0.05). After 2 and 3 minutes of preoxygenation, FEO2 was significantly lower in COPD group as compared to control group, but was not different at 5 minutes. Mean time to reach a FEO2 equal to 0.90 was significantly longer in COPD than in control group (COPD: 261 +/- 130 s; control: 165 +/- 90 s, p < 0.05). SpO2 measured during room air breathing was moderately lower in COPD group, but this difference was no more significant after 30 s of preoxygenation (SpO2 after 30 s: control: 98.8 +/- 1.0%; COPD: 98.2 +/- 1.9%, NS). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that preoxygenation monitoring may be useful in patients with COPD, to ensure adequate preoxygenation is achieved.

Publication Types:

• Clinical trial

PMID: 11878116, UI: 21867885

Eur J Pharmacol 2002 Mar 29;439(1-3):77-81

Comparison of nerve conduction blocks by an opioid and a local anesthetic.

Mert T, Gunes Y, Guven M, Gunay I, Ozcengiz D

Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of Cukurova, 01330 Balcali, Adana, Turkey

[Medline record in process]

The experiments were done on frog sciatic nerves, using a sucrose-gap recording technique. The aim of our study was to investigate and to compare the tonic and phasic conduction blocking potency of tramadol and lidocaine on whole nerve and their interactions with Ca(2+). The concentration of a tramadol solution producing the same amount of tonic and phasic conduction blocks was three and six times higher than that needed for lidocaine, respectively. Increasing the Ca(2+) concentration in the test solution enhanced the conduction blocking potency of tramadol, but decreased that of lidocaine. It is concluded that tramadol blocks nerve conduction like a local anesthetic but with a weaker effect than that of lidocaine. Interactions of Ca(2+) and these drugs suggested that these drugs might have either different binding sites or different action mechanisms.

PMID: 11937095, UI: 21935077