Acad Emerg Med 2001 Jun;8(6):688
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PMID: 11388947, UI: 21282564
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Am J Emerg Med 2001 Sep;19(5):396-8
Pittsburgh Poison Center, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
The purpose of this project was to characterize the presentation and treatment associated with Lophocampa caryae caterpillar exposures. Three hundred sixty-five exposures to Lophocampa caryae managed by a certified regional poison information center over a 2-year period were analyzed. Pediatric exposures were responsible for 80% of the reports and 92.1% were dermal exposures, 7.5% oral, and 0.4% ocular. Dermal exposures with minimal symptoms were treated at home with the supportive measures of hair and spine removal, irrigation, antihistamine, and/or topical steroid administration. Symptom resolution occurred within 24 hours. Symptomatic patients with oral exposures and positive visualization of hairs or spines, were referred to an emergency department for medical evaluation and removal of the caterpillar hairs. Adult exposure and treatment patterns were similar to the pediatric exposures. Removal of the defensive guard hairs or spines is the primary treatment. Supportive care with irrigation, antihistamines, and/or corticosteroids can decrease the intensity of symptoms.
PMID: 11555796, UI: 21438913
Arch Pediatr 2001 May;8 Suppl 2:508s-510s
Service de pediatrie, centre hospitalier, rue de la Miletrie, BP 577, 86021 Poitiers, France.
PMID: 11394169, UI: 21288402
Arch Pediatr 2001 May;8 Suppl 2:506s-507s
Protection maternelle et infantile de Seine Saint-Denis DEF, Conseil general 93, BP 193, 93003 Bobigny, France.
PMID: 11394168, UI: 21288401
Arch Pediatr 2001 May;8 Suppl 2:502s-505s
Hopital pediatrique Saint-Antoine, universite catholique de Lille, 329, boulevard Victor-Hugo, 59000 Lille, France.
PMID: 11394167, UI: 21288400
Arch Pediatr 2001 May;8 Suppl 2:329s-331s
Unite de medecine infantile et service de neuropediatrie, hopital d'Enfants, CHU Timone, 13385 Marseille, France.
PMID: 11394105, UI: 21288338
Arch Pediatr 2001 May;8 Suppl 2:325s-326s
Service de neuropediatrie, hopital Saint-Vincent-de-Paul, 74, bd Denfert-Rochereau, 75014 Paris, France.
PMID: 11394103, UI: 21288336
Arch Pediatr 2001 May;8 Suppl 2:322s-324s
Service de neuropediatrie, hopital Trousseau, 26, avenue du Docteur Arnold-Netter, 75012 Paris, France.
PMID: 11394102, UI: 21288335
Forensic Sci Int 2001 Oct 15;122(1):48-51
Department of Forensic Medicine, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, 2-2-1 Honjyo, 860-0811, Kumamoto, Japan
[Medline record in process]
A suicide caused by ingestion of multiple psychoactive drugs is reported. A 42-year-old man with a history of psychosis was found dead in a blood pool in his room. The forensic autopsy revealed two stab wounds on his chest. However, these wounds could not explain the cause of death. Eighty-six tablets were found in his stomach. Four psychoactive drugs; clocapramine (CC), chlorpromazine (CP), promethazine (PM) and clotiazepam (CT) were detected in blood and tissues. The concentrations of CC, CP, PM and CT in the femoral vein (FV) blood were 0.39, 0.61, 1.23 and 0.09&mgr;g/ml, respectively. The cause and manner of death were attributed to suicidal multiple psychoactive drug poisoning.Postmortem drug redistribution showed great site-dependent variations with the lowest level in the FV blood. Remarkable variations were observed in CC, CP and PM, but not in CT compared to other three drugs. The variations were dependent on the volume of distribution (Vd) of the drugs. Our human case has demonstrated drugs with higher Vd values showed higher degree of postmortem redistribution of the drug and vice versa.
PMID: 11587865, UI: 21472243
Forensic Sci Int 2001 Sep 15;121(1-2):140-3
Laboratorio Quimica Forense, Suprema Corte de Justicia, 41 entre 119 y 120, 1900 La Plata, Argentina. laferrari@unimoron.edu.ar
Carbon monoxide is a well-known toxic component in fire atmospheres. However, the importance of hydrogen cyanide as a toxic agent in fire causalities is under discussion. A tragic polyurethane mattress fire provoked death of 35 convicts in a prison (Unit I, Olmos, Penitenciary Service of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina), in 1990. There is no report of any investigation carried out with such a large amount of victims in Argentina. Carboxihemoglobin (COHb) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) were quantified in victims blood to elucidate the cause of the death. Saturation of COHb ranged between 4 and 18%, and HCN 2.0-7.2mg/l. These latter values were higher than the lethal levels reported in literature. Other toxic components routinely measured (ethanol, methanol, aldehydes and other volatile compounds) gave negative results on the 35 cases. Neither drugs of abuse nor psychotropics were detected. Statistical chi(2) analysis was applied to find differences between HCN and COHb concentrations. Saturation of COHb and HCN in blood were not independent variables (chi(2)=8.25). Moreover, the ratio COHb/HCN was constant (0.47+/-0.04). In order to evaluate the contribution of each toxic to the diagnosis, a lethal index was defined for each toxic (LI(CO) and LI(HCN)). The most probable cause of death could be inferred by a suitable plot of both indexes. The results indicated that death in the 35 fire victims was probably caused by HCN, generated during the extensive polyurethane decomposition provoked by a rapid increase of temperature.
PMID: 11516899, UI: 21407910
J R Soc Med 2001 Oct;94(10):552
Institute of Psychiatry, London SE5 8AF, UK.
PMID: 11581360, UI: 21464957
Lancet 2001 Sep 8;358(9284):816
PMID: 11564495, UI: 21448915
Postgrad Med 2001 Sep;110(3):37-8
National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, USA. mpkeith@hotmail.com
PMID: 11570204, UI: 21454794
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