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Ann Emerg Med 2003 Jan;41(1):158
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PMID: 12526131, UI: 22413929
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Ann Intern Med 2003 Jan 21;138(2):159-60; author reply 159-60
PMID: 12529106, UI: 22417123
Hum Exp Toxicol 2002 Jul;21(7):365-9
Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
Chromium toxicity is strongly dependent on its oxidation state. Cr(VI) is carcinogenic and mutagenic, although its in vivo and in vitro toxic effects are related to its intracellular fate. Inside the cells, Cr(VI) is rapidly reduced to stable Cr(III). As Cr(V) and Cr(IV) species have been reported to be formed in the Cr(VI) reduction pathways, Cr(VI)-induced damage is thought, at least in part, to arise from these hypervalent species. The study of Cr(VI) reduction mechanisms and the characterization of the effects of each reactive intermediate constitute important steps towards a better understanding of chromium toxicity. The purpose of this work is to enlarge the scope of Cr(VI)-induced alterations in mouse to other chromium species. Our studies have led to the in situ preparation of a new Cr(V) complex, 1Cr(V)-BT](2-), a stable compound at neutral pH, which mimics Cr(VI) reduction intermediates. The effect of Cr(V) on the histology of mice liver is assessed and compared with similar Cr(VI) assays. Liver toxicity was examined after single administrations of Cr(VI) or [Cr(V)-BT](2-) to mice. Both compounds produced reversible hepatic damage in a time-dependent manner. However, Cr(V) toxic effects have proved to be more rapid than with Cr(VI), permitting the role of Cr(VI) intermediates formed during intracellular chromium reduction to be highlighted.
PMID: 12269698, UI: 22230329
Lancet 2003 Jan 4;361(9351):59
Bawaskar Hospital and Research Center, Maharashtra, 402301, Mahad Raigad, India.
PMID: 12517471, UI: 22406054