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Items 1 - 13 of 13 |
One page. |
2003 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers Toxic Exposure Surveillance System.
Watson WA, Litovitz TL, Klein-Schwartz W, Rodgers GC Jr, Youniss J, Reid N, Rouse WG, Rembert RS, Borys D.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15490384 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis in children.
Ersoy S, Paller AS, Mancini AJ.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15381568 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Treatment of recurring cutaneous drug reactions in patients with human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection: a series of 3 cases.
Dolev J, Reyter I, Maurer T.
University of California, San Francisco 94110, USA.
PMID: 15381543 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
The histopathology of envenomation by Japanese viper bite.
Suga M, Okuda M, Ogasawara Y, Yokoyama E, Hamamoto Y, Muto M.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15270912 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Acneiform eruption induced by epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors in patients with solid tumours.
Jacot W, Bessis D, Jorda E, Ychou M, Fabbro M, Pujol JL, Guillot B.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15270903 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Naproxen-induced generalized bullous fixed drug eruption.
Leivo T, Heikkila H.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15270899 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Nickel-responding T cells are CD4+ CLA+ CD45RO+ and express chemokine receptors CXCR3, CCR4 and CCR10.
Moed H, Boorsma DM, Stoof TJ, von Blomberg BM, Bruynzeel DP, Scheper RJ, Gibbs S, Rustemeyer T.
Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Centre, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BACKGROUND: Whereas T lymphocytes are widely accepted as effector cells determining the pathogenesis of allergic contact dermatitis, contradictory results have been found regarding the roles of different T-cell subsets. The use of various experimental models, involving long-term cultured T-cell lines or clones, may explain these contradictory results. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the involvement of distinct T-cell subsets in patients with nickel contact allergy. METHODS: Different T-cell subsets were directly isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of nickel-allergic patients, and their proliferative capacity, type-1 or type-2 cytokine secretion [measured by interferon (IFN)-gamma or interleukin (IL)-5 release] and phenotypical marker expression were analysed after stimulation with nickel. RESULTS: Only CD4+ CLA+ CD45RO+ and not CD8+ T cells proliferate and produce both type-1 (IFN-gamma) and type-2 (IL-5) cytokines in response to nickel. Moreover, cells expressing the marker CLA in combination with CD4, CD45RO or CD69 are increased after nickel-specific stimulation. Interestingly, in addition, CD45RA+ CLA+ cells showed an increased frequency after allergen-specific stimulation. Analysis of nickel-reactive T cells for expression of distinct chemokine receptors showed that both proliferative capacity and cytokine production are restricted to subsets expressing CXCR3, CCR4 but not CCR6. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis of chemokine receptors expressed on nickel-stimulated T cells confirmed these results; a subset of T cells expressing CLA and CXCR3, CCR4 and, most importantly, CCR10 increased in response to allergen, while these CLA+ nickel-reactive T cells were all negative for CCR6. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that freshly isolated nickel-reactive T cells can be characterized as CD4+ CLA+ memory T cells which express the chemokine receptors CXCR3, CCR4 and CCR10, but not CCR6.
PMID: 15270870 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Viper snakebite causing symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage.
Bartholdi D, Selic C, Meier J, Jung HH.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15258798 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Characteristics of patients with no underlying toxicologic syndrome evaluated in a toxicology clinic.
Leikin JB, Mycyk MB, Bryant S, Cumpston K, Hurwitz S.
Medical Toxicology, Evanston Northwestern Healthcare OMEGA, Glenbrook Hospital, 2150 Pfingsten Road, Suite 3000, Glenview, IL 60025, USA. Jleikin@enh.org
BACKGROUND: A significant number of patients seek medical evaluation for chronic subjective symptoms they presume to be associated with a single toxic trigger. This report describes our clinic experience with these patients. CASE SERIES: Twenty patients (of a total of 261 patients) with a mean age of 41 years (median age 42 years; range: 4 to 65 years) were evaluated over an 8 month period. All describe a single past toxic exposure triggering their nonspecific (usually vaguely neurologic) symptoms. Zero of 20 (0%) describe other chemical sensitivities; 2/20 (10%) report ongoing exposure, 18/20 (90%) had a limited exposure dating 1 month to 6 yrs prior to toxicology clinic evaluation; 9/20 (45%) are currently employed; 6/20 (30%) sought alternative medical therapy prior to toxicologist evaluation; 6/20/(30%) have attempted litigation. CONCLUSION: Despite repeatedly normal toxicologic and medical evaluations, all data refuting an underlying toxic cause are not accepted by this series of patients, and their search for a diagnostic linkage persists. Specific toxin identification or treatment for these patients is unlikely to occur.
PMID: 15462157 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Rattlesnake bites in Europe--experiences from southeastern France and northern Germany.
Schaper A, de Haro L, Desel H, Ebbecke M, Langer C.
GIZ-Nord Poison Centre, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany. aschaper@giz-nord.de
INTRODUCTION: Rattlesnakes are indigenous to the New World and hence their envenomations are a significant percentage of all poisonings in North and South America. Some years ago rattlesnake bites were virtually unknown in Europe. But the biodiversity of European household fauna has changed: cats and dogs are increasingly replaced by stingrays, tarantulas, fire fish, and rattlesnakes. This phenomenon is the background of a French-German cooperation to evaluate the relevance of rattlesnake bites for European doctors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a retrospective study all consultations of the GIZ-Nord poison centre in Gottingen and the Centre Antipoison in Marseille concerning bites of poisonous snakes in a 20-yr time period were analyzed. RESULTS: Altogether 671 cases of poisonous snake bites were registered. Rattlesnake bites came up to 21 (3.1% of all consultations due to poisonous snake bites). Over the years the number increased constantly. All patients were adult men with a mean age of 37.2 (20-64) years. There were no females and no pediatric patients involved. According to the Poisoning Severity Score there were 8 minor, 5 moderate, and 8 severe envenomations; no fatalities. The leading clinical symptoms consisted of rhabdomyolysis, neurological, and coagulational disorders. In 5 cases antivenom therapy was applied, and in 4 patients surgical therapy was performed. CONCLUSION: Rattlesnake bites are rare in Europe, but the incidence is rising. The patients' profile is different from large American case series. European doctors should be aware of the increase in these infrequent envenomations.
PMID: 15462156 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Doctors and nurses estimation of the weight of patients: A preventable source of systematic error.
Greene S, Dargan P, Shin GY, Jones AI.
National Poisons Information Service, Guys and St. Thomas' NHS Trust, London, UK. shaun.greene@gstt.nhs.uk
BACKGROUND: Although accurate determination of body weight is important in the management of the poisoned patient, many patients have their weight estimated rather than formally measured. Objective: To determine how good medical staff are at estimating patients*** body weights. METHODS: Medical staff were asked to estimate the weight of six patients on a poisons ward. Estimated and actual patient weights were statistically compared. RESULTS: Medical staff produced a large range of estimated weights for all patients. Patient weight was incorrectly estimated by greater than 10% in 61% of individual estimations. There was poor statistical correlation between actual and estimated weight. CONCLUSIONS: All patients administered medication based on body weight and those treated following an overdose of any substance should have formal body weight determined as part of their standard management.
PMID: 15462153 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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Health effects of diazinon on a family.
Dahlgren JG, Takhar HS, Ruffalo CA, Zwass M.
UCLA School of Medicine, 2811 Wilshire Blvd. Suite 510, Santa Monica, CA 90403, USA. Dahlgren@envirotoxicology.com
There is increasing evidence of permanent sequalae from acute organophosphate poisoning. We report on accidental diazinon overexposure with acute organophosphate poisoning through cutaneous absorption and inhalation followed by persistent neurological effects. In addition, we observed skeletal and endocrine effects likely attributable to the diazinon poisoning. A family of seven was exposed to diazinon in June 1999 over a two-day period. The pesticide company mistakenly used diazinon to heavily spray the inside of the home instead of permethrin. The applicator applied the pesticide over the entire surface of the floor, carpeting, furniture, and clothing in closets to eradicate an infestation of fleas. Acute symptoms in the family members included headaches, nausea, skin irritation, runny nose, and vomiting. The family was first evaluated at 3 months and then 3 years after the acute poisoning. There were persisting neurological symptoms of memory loss, decreased concentration, irritability, and personality changes of varying degrees in all family members. Objective neurological findings of impaired balance, reaction time, color vision, slotted pegboards and trials making were present in the three older children who could be tested. Neuropsychological evaluation revealed evidence of organic brain dysfunction in all seven family members. Bone growth difficulties are present in four of five children. One child has delayed menarche.
Publication Types:
PMID: 15462149 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Postlicensure safety surveillance for 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
Wise RP, Iskander J, Pratt RD, Campbell S, Ball R, Pless RP, Braun MM.
Division of Epidemiology, Office of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Md 20852-1448, USA. R.P.Wise@cber.fda.gov
CONTEXT: Clinical trials evaluate a vaccine's safety before approval, but some risks may escape detection or adequate characterization until larger population exposures occur after licensure. OBJECTIVE: To summarize reports of events occurring after vaccination with 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), including those that may warrant further investigation to assess possible causation by PCV. DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiology of reports submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), a national passive surveillance database. SETTING AND PATIENTS: United States during first 2 years after licensure of PCV (February 2000 through February 2002). Reports studied were for children younger than 18 years and vaccinated with PCV. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Numbers and proportional distributions of reports. RESULTS: A total of 4154 reports of events following PCV were submitted to VAERS, for a rate of 13.2 reports per 100,000 doses distributed. Multiple vaccines were given in 74.3% of reports.The most frequently reported symptoms and signs included fever, injection site reactions, fussiness, rashes, and urticaria. Serious events were described in 14.6% of reports. There were 117 deaths, 23 reports of positive rechallenges, and 34 cases of invasive pneumococcal infections possibly representing vaccine failure. Immune-mediated events occurred in 31.3% of reports. All 14 patients with anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions survived. Thrombocytopenia developed in 14 patients and serum sickness in 6 others. Neurologic symptoms occurred in 38% of reports. Seizures described in 393 reports included 94 febrile seizures. CONCLUSIONS: The majority of reports to VAERS in the first 2 years after licensure of PCV described generally minor adverse events previously identified in clinical trials. The proportion of reports portraying serious events was similar to that for other vaccines. Although there are important limitations in passive surveillance data, and caution in their interpretation is necessary, symptoms experienced by a few children more than once after successive PCV doses, including allergic reactions, prolonged or abnormal crying, fussiness, dyspnea, and gastrointestinal distress, warrant continued surveillance, as do reports of rare but potentially serious events, such as seizures, anaphylactic or anaphylactoid reactions, serum sickness, and thrombocytopenia.
PMID: 15479935 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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